Bleeding Disorders

Overview

These disorders disrupt the blood’s normal clotting ability, leading to excessive bleeding or bruising. It can manifest in children at any age, from infancy through adolescence.

Types of Bleeding Disorders

  • Inherited disorders, like: Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) and other clotting factors deficiency.
  • Acquired disorders, like: Vitamin K deficiency, liver disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and others.
  • Platelet disorders affecting platelet number or function.

Common signs and symptoms

  • Unexplained blood spots under the skin (petechiae)​
  • Frequent nosebleeds or gum bleeding
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding (in women)
  • Excessive or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts or injuries
  • Excessive bleeding after Surgery
  • Joint and muscle bleeding
  • Anemia symptoms

Diagnostic tests

Complete Blood Count (CBC) to assess various components of the blood, including platelets.

Coagulation panel to test various aspects of the blood clotting process.

Specific factor assays to determine levels of specific clotting factors .

Treatment options

  • Factor replacement therapy
  • Desmopressin (DDAVP)
  • Antifibrinolytic agents
  • Supportive care
  • Gene therapy

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with bleeding disorders varies significantly based on the underlying condition. Many patients can lead normal lives with appropriate management and treatment. However, some conditions may pose significant health risks if not properly treated. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes and quality of life for patients with these conditions.

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