Ewing Sarcoma
Overview
Ewing sarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that primarily affects the bones or the soft tissues surrounding them, such as cartilage and nerves. It most commonly occurs in children and young adults, typically between the ages of 10 and 20. The cancer can spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs, other bones, or bone marrow.
Types of Ewing Sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma of bone
This is the most common type, accounting for about 87% of cases. It usually develops in long bones, such as the thigh (femur), pelvis, ribs, or upper arm (humerus).
Extraosseous ewing sarcoma
This type occurs in the soft tissues around the bones rather than in the bones themselves. It can develop in various locations throughout the body.
Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)
This type can occur in both bone and soft tissue and is characterized by similar features to Ewing sarcoma.
Common signs and symptoms
- Pain and swelling in the affected area, which may worsen at night
- Fever
- General tiredness and lack of energy
- Cough and Shortness of breath if spread to lung
Diagnostic tests and procedures
- Medical History and Physical Exam.
- Imaging like X-rays, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT (Computed Tomography) Scans and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) Scans.
- Biopsy to get a small tissue sample from the tumor to confirm cancer cells under a microscope.
- Genetic and Molecular Testing.
- Blood tests and scans to check for cancer spread (often to the lungs).
- Bone marrow biopsy If there’s a high suspicion that the cancer has spread to the bone marrow.
The Journey of Healing Starts Here
If you or your loved one is experiencing symptoms of Ewing Sarcoma, our expert hematology team is here to help. We provide comprehensive diagnostic services, individualized treatment plans, and ongoing support to ensure the best outcomes.
Treatment options
Chemotherapy
Shrinks tumors before surgery/radiation
Surgery
Removes the tumor if possible.
Radiation therapy
Destroys remaining cancer cells, especially in hard-to-reach areas either alone or with surgery.
Targeted therapies and newer treatments
When Ewing sarcoma returns or spreads, targeted therapies that focus on the specific genetic changes in Ewing sarcoma cells may be used.
Prognosis
The prognosis for patients with Ewing sarcoma varies based on several factors, including age at diagnosis, tumor size, location, presence of metastasis (spread), and response to treatment. Generally, when diagnosed early and treated aggressively, many patients can achieve long-term remission. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for potential complications or recurrence after treatment.