Hodgkin Lymphoma
Overview
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is an essential component of the immune system. In HL, specific white blood cells known as lymphocytes become abnormal and proliferate uncontrollably, often forming tumors in the lymph nodes and other areas of the body.
It most commonly affects those aged between 15 to 30 years and individuals over 55.
Types of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Nodular sclerosis
The most common subtype affecting lymph nodes in the chest and neck.
Mixed cellularity
More common in older adults, and usually found in the abdomen.
Lymphocyte-rich
A rarer form with many lymphocytes and few Reed-Sternberg cells, commonly diagnosed in men.
Lymphocyte-depleted
The least common subtype, often seen in older adults or individuals with HIV.
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)
This less common type grows slowly and is more common in middle-aged adults.
Common signs and symptoms
- Painless swelling of lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin
- Intermittent unexplained fevers
- Night sweats
- Unintentional weight loss
- Persistent fatigue
- Itchy skin
Diagnostic tests and procedures
- Physical Exam to check for lumps, swelling, or other signs of illness.
- Blood tests to evaluate overall health and detect abnormalities.
- Imaging such as X-rays, CT scans, or PET scans to locate affected lymph nodes or organs.
- Lymph node biopsy to look for specific cells associated with Hodgkin lymphoma.
- Bone marrow biopsy in some cases, especially if the cancer is advanced, this test checks for cancer spread to the bone marrow.
The Journey of Healing Starts Here
If you or your loved one is experiencing symptoms of Hodgkin Lymphoma, our expert hematology team is here to help. We provide comprehensive diagnostic services, individualized treatment plans, and ongoing support to ensure the best outcomes.
Treatment options
- Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for HL, using powerful medications to kill lymphoma cells, typically administered in multiple cycles.
- Radiation therapy to eliminate cancer cells in targeted areas.
- Immunotherapy or targeted therapy.
- Bone marrow transplant (BMT): If initial treatments are ineffective or if the disease recurs, BMT may be recommended.
Prognosis
The prognosis for Hodgkin lymphoma is generally favorable, especially when diagnosed early. But this can vary based on factors such as age, overall health, disease stage at diagnosis, and response to treatment. Early detection and effective treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.